Butt Welding
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Butt welding is the principal method for creating a join between two ends of material. This can include but is not limited to various metals, plastics and other materials. A butt weld requires three key elements under carefully controlled parameters - these include temperature, time and pressure.
Butt welding is a commonly used technique in welding that can either be automated or done by hand.[1] It is used to attach two materials together such as pipe, framework in factories, and also flanges.[1] A flange is something that either is internal or external that provided to strengthen a piece of material.[1] In factories butt welding has shown how economical it can be for companies to use when building things out of metal.[1] This is because if they wanted to make something out of metal without welding it together they would have to bend everything and reinforce the structure which costs more than welding the two pieces together.[1] Butt welding is accomplished by heating up two pieces of identical material, and applying pressure under a controlled period of time.[1] Butt welding metal requires maintained penetration while welding, and with thin pieces this is possible however, with thick pieces edge preparation may have to be done to prepare the metal.[1] Full penetration butt welds are made when they are in the within the parent(bigger, stronger) metal.[1] Butt welding of plastics requires a machine, in order to align the ends and heat under a controlled temperature and pressure. In butt welding, the strongest welds are those with the best execution of the three key elements (temperature, time and pressure).
Metal butt welding is best performed with MIG or TIG welding applications due to their natural ability to connect two pieces of metal together.[1] Using different types of welding electrodes for the welder will determine the properties of the weld such as its resistance against corrosion and strength.[1] Electrodes conduct current through the metal being welded in order join the two pieces.[1] The metal determines the type of welding that is required.[1] The electrodes are either heavily or lightly coated. For the heavily coated electrodes are commonly used in structural welding because they are much stronger and corrosion resistant.[1] The lightly coated electrodes are not as structurally sound.[1] Butt welding is performed with the Arc, TIG, or MIG welder held at a slight angle the weld if the weld is laying flat in order to achieve the least amount of porosity in the weld and also to increase the weld's strength.[1] Fillet welding make up about 80 percent of the connection despite being weaker than butt welds.[1] The reason it is used more often is because fillet welds offer more room for error with much larger tolerances. Fillet welding is not a type of butt weld despite its similarities.[1]
A butt welding machine, commonly referred to as a poly welder or fusion machine, is required to heat polyethylene pipe segments under pressure for a period of time. To perform a butt weld correctly and consistently, you will require a butt welding machine capable of aligning the elements to be welded, shaving their ends smooth and parallel, uniformly melting the ends of the pipe under various pressures, then pushing the ends together at a controlled pressure for a specific period. [2] A correctly performed butt weld on plastic pipe will create a bond far stronger than the segments themselves. Uses of the poly material has grown significantly in recent years due to its light weight, cost-effective production and ability to last 100+ years underground. Butt welding on plastic is done to create pipe systems typically used in water distribution and gas networks. [3]
Flash butt welding is used with machinery and connects multiple pieces of metal together that are miss matched in size and shape.[4] These different sizings can oftentimes cause for breaks in welding process.[4] High voltage current is applied in order to connect the metal pieces together by applying it to both the components known as flashing in order to join them together.[4]
This weld joins the two pieces of metal together by heat that comes from the pressure due to the metals being held together at a preset force.[4] Resistance butt welding is used on joints that are of similar shape and size and often the weld is performed in one movement unlike flash welding.[4]
There are many different types of butt welding joints and they all are named with their particular shape.[5] The joint also known as a square groove weld has many different forms in order to connect pieces of metal together and are all capable of bearing loads.[5] There are many different types of joints such as lap joints, tee joints, butt joints, and also corner joints.[5] Lap joints are two pieces that are end-over-end and welded together whereas butt welds are put end to end and connected that way.[5] Butt welds are connected to each other with the thickness of the parent metal.[5] There are many different kinds of butt welds such as square, single v, double v, single bevel, double bevel, single u, double u, single j, and also a double j.[5] Minimizing the distortions in a weld is important however doing so will minimize the chances of full penetration.[5] In order to get full penetration double welds such as double v, double j, and double u may be used.[5]
Depending upon the thickness of the metal pieces, different types of grooves can be prepared. Groove preparation is also called weld edge preparation and is necessary for thicker metals. Examples of types of grooves, depending upon their shape are V groove, J groove, and U groove. Groove design changes depending upon full penetration or partial penetration weld requirements. Groove welding can be carried out using different types of welding - whether manual, mechanised or automated processes. Thin sheets are usually welded without any weld edge preparation, such joints are referred as square butt joint.
At the start, weld pieces can be held together with a tack weld, which is a temporary joint that ensures components stay in a proper alignment while the butt welding is performed. Pre-heating might be required for joining parts at the butt joint area.
As mentioned earlier, various types of butt welding joints are named for their particular shape. The different types of joints include single V, double V, single and double bevel, single and double U, single and double J joints, square butt joints and even combinations of these. The simplest of these, with regards to alignment, is the square butt weld.
The main difference between a butt and a fillet weld is the angle between the joining workpieces. If the surfaces to be joined are on the same plane, then it is a butt weld. If the surfaces are perpendicular (with an angle of 90°), then they are usually joined with a fillet weld. Weld preparation is not required for fillet welds as with a butt joint.
In fillet weld joint, filler metal is deposited at the joint in a triangular section so that it creates an angle of 45° with both the joining workpieces. To achieve the required weld joint thickness, welding is carried out in several passes.
Distortion occurs in both fillet and butt welds as a result of shrinkage as the filler metal cools down. This can be mitigated against by pre-heating and/or by making successive passes on opposite sides of the joint.
Butt welding is the commonly used joint design for a variety of applications in different industry sectors due to its simplicity. This basic technique has a number of different weld formations suitable for varying weld thicknesses.
Butt welding is one of the simplest and versatile resistance welding process. In the butt welding process, heat is produced by the contact resistance between two metal workpieces. The faces of the workpieces should be machined or edge prepared.
Achieving seamless pipe butt welds requires beveling the workpieces depending on the thickness and required penetration. Additionally, most pipe fittings are designed to meet butt weld joint requirements so that you can easily weld them together.
The V groove joint design requires significantly more filler metal. If working with exotic metals, the TIG alloy filler material will increase the price of the project. The additional preparation and filler metal costs, combined with the increased time it takes to complete these welds, make the V groove less economical than the single bevel and the square butt weld designs.
The amount of filler material required to fill the groove is reduced when the metal pieces are prepared for U groove butt welding. But this design requires an experienced operator. The oblique shape of the joint requires additional skill when controlling the weld puddle, arc, and filler material.
Every welder needs to know how to properly weld a butt joint. Thankfully, it is the easiest weld joint type to master and it rarely requires special treatment like the U and J grooves, except in a professional environment.
For larger machines, such as the MS/MK, SS/SMK series, we offer fast assistance, also via remote maintenance modules. Service packages and various services related to welding are further key components in our collaboration with customers.
Butt welding of thermoplastics involves holding two pieces of the material with defined pressure against a heated plate element until the material melts. The two pieces are then brought together quickly and held with a defined pressure so that they fuse into one piece.
Controlling the temperature of the heating element is very important when Corzan CPVC sheet is butt welded. Butt welding of Corzan CPVC sheet should be performed in an area free of drafts in order to maintain the best temperature control possible.
The edges of the pieces of material to be welded should be as square as possible so that they will contact the heating element and each other evenly. Cutting debris and any oil or dirt should be removed from the welding area. The pieces to be welded should be clean and dry. Solvents should not be used to clean the surfaces to be welded. 781b155fdc